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a) The adversarial system allows for a more active role for the parties involved in presenting their case and advocating for their position. It is based on the belief that the truth will emerge from the clash of competing arguments and evidence presented by the advocates. This system is often criticized for being overly adversarial and potentially leading to a focus on winning rather than seeking justice.

b) In contrast, the inquisitorial system places more emphasis on the judge's role in investigating the case and determining the truth. The judge takes a more proactive role in gathering evidence, questioning witnesses, and ultimately reaching a decision based on the facts presented. This system is often seen as more efficient and less confrontational than the adversarial system, but critics argue that it may lack the checks and balances provided by the adversarial process.